1)     Basically sexual reproduction is derived from meiosis. Asexual reproduction comes from mitosis. Through asexual reprodution DNA is duplicated to be an exact copy of its original parent cell. This means that over and over when a new organism is produced, it is an exact copy of its parent. If something occurs in the environment to make conditions for that organism unfavorable, then the newly produced organism would not survive well, as survival of the fittest is a definite part of the world. It would be mandatory for a variation of the type of organism produced to change so the new organism could survive. This means that sexual reproduction would be necessary, as it produces a variation in its organisms. This would make it more likely for that organism to survive in unfavorable conditions.

2)      During mitosis when a cell is duplicated, two cells are supposed to be produced. If an animal’s somatic cells have three chromosomes as opposed to two then the animal is not “normal” compared to other organisms. The entire set of cells contains an extra number of chromoses, meaning the organism has triple the correct number of chromosomes it needs. This means that the animal would die, as an organism can only live with either one too many or one too few chromosomes.  The animal could possibly have been exposed to radiation which might have led to mitosis going going wrong, specifically anaphase. Possibly, the chromatids might not have all seperated in half to each side, but an extra one could have seperated to one side.

3)     If the short needles from trees were used to plant more trees that would lead to the production of many new trees that the earth could definitely use. That itself is a major short-term benefit, as many of the trees we already have are being chopped or burned down. Looking at long-term benefits, the world could use more trees to supply us with oxygen and lumber, and this is an easy way to get them. However, say the needles used are not really from a fast-producing tree? Or maybe the tree are not usable to lumber companies or not able to be burned in a fire place. This would make the planting of these trees not as valuable as they were thought to be, though they would still provide us with additional oxygen.